Device for severing bolts, rivets, &amp;c.



No. 693,23L Patented Feb. n, |902.

DEVICE FUR SEVERIN'G BOL'TS, 'R|VE TS, &c.

(Application led. Apr. 24, 190i.)

@no Model.) 2 sheets-sheet TH: Ncnms PETERS ou., PHOTouTno.. wAsHlNGToN, D. c,

Nu. 693,23. Patented Feb. Il, |902.

` FY. A. CARTER. nsvlcz Fon sEvEnmasoLTs, nLvETs, sw.

(Application med Apr. 24, 1901.; l. (No Model.) `2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

- pear; and it consists in certain details of conmanufacture.

V'UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANCISA. CARTER, oF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

DEVICE FOR SEVERIQNG BOLTS,'RIVETS, 80C.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 693,231 dated February 1 1, 1902.

Application filed April 24, 1901.

To @ZZ 'u1/1,0ml t may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANCIS A. CARTER, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Chicago,(look county, Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Im# provement in Devices .for Severing Bolts, Rivets, dre., of whichthe following is a specication.

My invention contemplates an improved machine designed and constructed to be utilized as a tool or implement for cutting bolts, studs, rivets, or the like, in order to permit the removal of the same from the parts thereby connected together.

Generally stated, theA object of my invention is to provide a compact and convenient machine which may be readily manipulated as a 4tool for the purpose of cutting the bolts, rivets, dac., to remove the heads or nuts thereof, and 'to' accomplish this result by mechanism which, shall lbe simple in its character,positive in action, 'and of small cost to My invention has certain otherspecial objects in view, as will hereinafter more fully apstruction and combinations of parts, which will be hereinafter `clearly described, and pointed out in the appended claims, reference beingY had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof, in which the same reference numerals designate like parts throughout vthe several views, and in which- Figure 1 is a side elevationof the improved machine. Fig. 2 is a View of the same, partly in section and'partly broken away 'to disclose the interior operating mechanism and valve arrangement. Fig. 3 is a back or rear elevation of the device or machine shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional View on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 isaverticalsectional view on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4.

In ordinary practice it is customary to remove a bolt, rivet, or -like connecting means from its intimate connection with the parts thereby heldtogether by means of a hammer and cold-chisel; but, as is apparent, this process is long and laborious in character and unsatisfactory in results.

By means of the machine which .I shall hereinafter particularly describe it becomes possible to cut or sever a bolt or similar serai 110.57.19?. on man.)

means quickly and readily, the' machine being utilized as a tool or implement and manipulated by the operator to accomplish this result. I 1

The machine preferably comprises a pair of cutting-jaws, which are pivotally mounted and connected by means of anV intermediate togglefleverarrangement with a piston operated, preferably, in a fluid-pressure cylinder. The piston is connected, as stated, with the intermediate toggle lever apparatus, `and when operated by hydraulic pressure in a manner to be. hereinafter particularly described itserves to operate the said jaws to thus cut or severthe` bolt. It is evident that in orderto apply the jaws `with sufficient force to sever a large bolt theA power applied at their initial movement by means of the intermediate levers must vbe multiplied thereby to obtain 'a sufficient actionv of the jaws to readily sever or cut the bolt, and this result must be accomplished'bymeans of a maf chine which is simple and compact, light and portable, and onethat has a powerful action and' is self-contained. Y -v v To particularly describe the'invention, having reference to the drawings, the reservoir for containing the water or oil which is preferably utilized as a inedium' for obtaining pressure is designatedA at 10, an operating-cylinder 11 being preferably cast integral I with the upper `end 11a of the reservoir and projecting a short distance `both above and below the said top end plate. is secured to the reservoir in any desired manner, as by being bolted tothe fiange 101 thereof. Communication between said lreservoir 10 and the cylinder 11 is controlled and determined byjmeans of a valve arrangement hereinafter described. Within thefcylinder ll is a piston 12, which may be formed in any desired manner, but is readily constructed, as shown, in a solid piece having the grooves 12, in which the packing is adapted to be placed, and having also thev ears 12b at its outer end, in which are connected the toggle- This plate 11a lever arms 13 and 14, that find their common l and 17 of the cutting-jaws 18 and 19, which cutting-jaws have their pivot, as designated,

on the shaft 20, carried in the upper or outer ends of the standards connected with the remainder of the device in any desired manner, but conveniently cast integral with said end plate l1AFL and cylinder 11, as shown. A coil-spring 2Ob extends between the leverarms 16 and 17, as shown, and is secured thereto.

In order to control communication between the reservoir 10 and the cylinder 11 to admit and release hydraulic pressure from and to said cylinder, I provide a supplemental cylinder 21 at the side of cylinder ll and formed integrally therewith, within which is a piston 22, similar to the piston 12 and having packing-rings 22L and ears 22", which are connected by a link 23 and strap 23 with an eccentrie 24:,Inounted upon the shaft 25, which in turn is mounted in lugs 25, secured to the standards 20, The shaft 25 is adapted for manual rotation by means ofa hand-lever 26, which is keyed to the end thereofand is moved up and down or forward and backward by the operator. NVithn the reservoir 10 and in the lower side of the cylinder-casting certain valves are located, one of which-to wit, apreferably spring-pressed valve 27-has direct communication with said reservoir 10, while the similar valve 28 when open affords communication directly with the interior of the cylinder l1 through the port 29. The seat 27a of the valve. 27 as well as the inletopening for the valve is located near the bottom of the cylinder and out of the center, so as to always be able to suck up the oil or water in the tank or reservoir in whatever position the tool or machine may be. The stem of the valve passes through a guidingweb 27h. The valve 28 has preferably an extended stem 28L on both sides, reciprocating in suitable apertures in the walls of the valve-casing, a spring 28b being interposed between the disk of the valve and an adjacent portion of the casing-wall.

The supplemental cylinder 2l has communication through the port 30 with the interior of the valve-casing.

In the operation of the device the jaws 18 and 19 are rst placed over the head or end of the nut, rivet, dac. The lever 26 is then pressed downward, th-us raising the piston 22 and creating a vacuum below it to raise and open the valve 27 and draw the oil or waterv into the cylinder and hollow casing. Upon raising the hand-lever 26 or forcing it toward the jaws and causing the piston 22 to travel downward by means of the eccentric connection the liquid is forced downward, the Valve 27 is closed, and the valve 28, by direct application of the pressure of the liquid, is opened, thus establishing communication between the valve-casingand the interior of the cylinder 11. The admission of the liquid under pressure beneath the piston 12 causes said piston to move upwardly and actuate, by means of the intermediate toggle-lever connections, the jaws, which close upon the shank of the bolt or rivet between them and sever it. v

One object of exerting the lever .force toward the jaws is to keep them from swinging or tending to draw away from the object worked upon when rst started and before actual engagement therewith, as might be the case if the implement were not standing in a vertical direction, but was swingingly mounted in working position.

In order to relieve the pressure upon the jaws after the bolt has been severed, to prevent them from exertingtheir force upon each other and causing breakage, I provide a bypass or vent 3l, (shown more clearly in Fig. 5,) which opens from the side of the cylinder 11 and extends downwardly to and into the reservoir 10. Thus when thepiston has ascended to a point beyond the opening of the bypass 3l the pressure is relieved from below said piston and passes through said by-pass 3l into the reservoir 10 and stops the piston and jaws. The jaws may also be stopped by their lugs 44 engaging the set-screws 45 in the lugs 46 on standards 20% In order to allow the piston to return to normal position and the jaws to again open,l

`the port 40,1eading from the bottom of the cylinder back into the reservoir 10, is opened in any desired manner, as by the pin tl, which may be threaded into its aperture, as at 42, or it may be held down by a spring or in any other desired manner. When, therefore,this port is opened, the liquid in the cylinder escapes into the tank and the piston recedes, this action being accomplished by gravity and the spring 201. For ease in filling the tank the screw-plug L3 may be conveniently provided. l

From the foregoing description it will be apparent that I have produced a simple, convenient, and inexpensive device `which is compact and self-contained and will perform the desired operations in an eiricient and economical manner. It will also be seen that the receptacle which provides the reservoirchamber 10 is of such character as to provide the machine or device with a suitable base. In this way the machine is, as stated, selfcontained and of a portable character, it being complete in itselfand of such nature as to be readily transferable from one point to another. Broadly considered, therefore, my invention contemplates a self-contained and man ually-operated hydraulic cutting device adapted for use in shearing orcutt-ing rivets, bolts, and the like.

lVhile I have described the invention with particular reference to the details of construction, I would have it understood that it is not to be limited the1'eto,as various changes, alterations, and substitutions may be made therein and still come within its purview; but

Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1; A manually-operated and self-contained IOD IIS

IIO

IIS

. reservoir having a valved passage communihydraulic cutting device or machine of aportable character, and adaptedfor 'shearing or cutting bolts, rivets, or the like, and involving in its construction suitable cutting members and hand-actuated power-supplyingde- .vices vand a fluid-reservoir, and hydraulicated being adapted for manual manipulation.

asa tool or implementfor performing the aforesaid work.

2. In a device adapted for manual operation as a tool or implement for cutting bolts, rivets, or the like, the combination of cutting members,a hand-actuated force-pump,a fluidcating with said force-pump, hydraulic-pressure devices adapted and arranged to communicate power and motion from said handoperated pump to said cutting members, said pump having a valved passage communicating with said hydraulic-pressure devices, the valve between the pump and reservoir opening when the valve Ybetween the pump and hydraulic-pressure devices closes, and the valve between the pump and hydraulic-pressure devices opening when the valve between the pump and reservoir closes, whereby fluid may be drawn from the reservoir into the pump and then forced from the latter into the hydraulic-pressure devices, and a port or passage whereby the fluid is returned from the hydraulic-pressure' devices to the said reservoir. y

3. In a self-contained device adapted for manual manipulation as a tool or implement' for cutting bolts, rivets, or the like, the combination of cutting members, a hand-pump,

a reservoir adapted to contain fluid and having a passage through which the latter is drawn into said pump,-a piston and cylinder,

a passage through which said liuid is forced from saidpump into said cylinder, suitable power-transmitting connection between said piston and said cuttingy membersfand a return port or passage for returning the iiuid fro'm'said cylinder to said reservoir.

4. A self-contained device adapted and designed to be manually operated `and manipulated as a tool or implement for cutting bolts, rivets, or the like, comprising relatively movable cutting members, a casing or body upon which said cutting members are suitably mounted, a swinging or vibratory hand-lever suitably mounted upon said casing or body structure and adapted for sup` plying the power for operating said cutting members, and hydraulic-pressure devicesinvolved in the construction of lsaid casing or body structure and adapted and'arranged t0 communicate power and motion from said hand-lever to said cutting members, the said `able power-transmitting connection between said lever and said toggle device, whereby the motion of said lever is transmitted or communicated to said jaws, Vsubstantially as described.

6. A machine or device for cutting metal,

comprising a pair of pivoted cutting-jaws, a

toggle device adapted and arranged for actuating said jaws, a cam suitably mounted and arranged for rotation, and power-transmiting connection between said cam and said toggle device, whereby a rotation of said cam will cause saidtoggle device to actuate said jaws, substantially as described.

'7. 'A machine or device of the character and for the purpose set forth, comprising suitable cutting members,a toggle device for operating said cutting members, a rotary cam,a hand-lever for rotating said cam,and suitable hydraulic-pressure devices arranged intermediate of said cam and said toggle device,sa id hydraulicpressure devices being adapted to communicate power and motion from said'cam to said f toggle device, substantially as described.

8. In a manuallyoperated and self-contained machine or device for cutting bolts, rivets,and other like metal articles, the combination of a portable base, afpair of pivoted cutting-jaws supported by said base, `a toggle device for actuating said jaws, a hand-lever also'carried by said base, and suitablehy- IOO draulic devices'arranged intermediate, of said f' hand-lever and said toggle device, said base being adapted to provide a reservoir for supplying liquidto said hydraulic-pressure devices, and the latter being adapted to communicateV power and motion from-saidlever to said toggle devices, substantially as described. f

9. A manually-operated and self-contained machine ordevice ofthe character and for the purpose specified, comprising a suitable base or `body structure adaptedI to provide-a support for a hand-lever and a pairpf pivoted cutting-jaws, suitable hydraulicpressure devices arranged intermediate of said lever and said jaws, said hyd raulic-pressure devices being adapted to c ommu'nicatefpower and motion fromsaid lever to said jaws, a cham- IIO ber or reservoir in said base adapted t0 supply liquid to said yhydraulic-pressure devices,

and a suitable duct or passage i'orl returning pump for supplying liquid-pressure to said cylinder, means for operating said pump, a chamber or reservoir for supplying liquid to said pump, and a return d uct or passage leading from said cylinder to said reservoir,where by the liquid forced into said cylinder is returned to said reservoir, substantially as described.

1l. A manually-operated and portable machine or device for cutting bolts, rivets, and other like articles, comprising a pair of pivoted cutting-jaws, a toggle device for actuating said jaws, apiston for operating said toggle device, a cylinder inclosing said piston, a hand-operated force-pump for forcing liquid into said cylinder, a reservoir for supplying liquid to said force-pump, a return duct or passage for conducting the liquid back from said cylinder to said reservoir, and a relief port or duct also leading from said cylinder to said reservoir, substantially as described.

12. In a manually-operated and self-contained machine or device ofthe character and for the purpose specified, the combination of a pair of pivoted cutting-jaws, a toggle device for actuating said jaws, apiston foractuating said toggle device, a cylinder inclosing said piston, a force-pump for forcing liquid into said cylinder, a hand-lever and cam for operating said force-pump, a suitable reservoir for supplying liquid to said force-pump, and one or more return ducts or passages for conducting the liquid back from said cylinder to said reservoir, substantially as described.

13. In a rivet or bolt cutting machine or device, the combination of a pair of relatively movable cutting-jaws, a manually-operated force-pump, a hydraulic-pressure device arranged to receive liquid from said force-pump and adapted to operate said cutting-jaws, a reservoir for supplying liquid to said forcepump, and one or more return ducts or passages for conducting the liquid back from said pressure device to said reservoir, substantially as described.

14. In a manually-operated and self-contained machine or device of the character and for the purpose specified, the combination of cutting-jaws, a spring adapted and applied for normally holding said jaws apart, a vibratory hand-lever, and power-transmitting connection adapted and arranged to communicate power and motion from said hand-lever to said jaws, substantially as described.

15. In a manually-operated and self-contained cutting device, the combination of a pair of pivoted jaws, a spring adapted for holding said jaws normally apart, a toggle device adapted and arranged for actuating said jaws, a vibratory hand-lever, and hydraulic-pressure devices arranged intermediate of said hand-lever and said toggle device, said pressure de vices being adapt-ed and arranged to communicate power and motion from said lever to said toggle device, so as to actuate said jaws, substantially as described.

1G. In a manually-operated and self-contained cutting device adapted for use in cutting bolts, rivets, or other like articles, the combination of a hydraulic-pressure device and a manually-operated force-pump associated together on a suitable base or body structure, a pair of relatively movable cutting-jaws, and power-transmitting connection between said hydraulic-pressure device andsaid jaws, whereby power and motion applied to said force-p um p are communicated to said relatively movable jaws, substantially as described.

17. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with a pair of cutting-jaws pivoted together, of lever-arms formed itegrally therewith, toggle-levers between the ends of said arms, a spring also between said arms to draw them together and open the jaws, a hydraulic cylinder located in line with the said arms and jaws, a piston in said cylinder directly connected with said toggle-lever, a reservoir attached to the cylinder for the fluid, a force-pump to take the fluid from said reservoir and force it into the cylinder to act upon the piston, said cylinder having exhaust-ports to empty the same back into the reservoir.

18. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with a pair of cutting-jaws pivoted together, of lever-arms formed integrally therewith, toggle-levers between the ends of said arms, a spring also between said arms to draw them together' and open the jaws, ahydraulic cylinder located in line with the said arms and jaws, a piston in said cylinder directly connected with said 'toggle-lever, a reservoir attached to the cylinder for fluid, a force-pump within the reservoir to charge the cylinder, and means for emptying the contents of the cylinder back into the reservoir.

19. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with a pair of cutting-jaws pivoted together, of lever-arms formed integrally therewith, toggle-levers between the ends ot' said arms, a spring also between said arms to draw them together and open the jaws, a hydraulic cylinder located in line with the said arms and jaws, a piston in said cylinder directly connectedgvith said toggle-lever, a reservoir surrounding the lower or outer end of the cylinder in which fluid is adapted to be stored, a force-pump within the reservoir to force the liquid normally therein `into the cylinder, means to allow the fluid to escape from the cylinder back into the reservoir.

20. The combination with cutting-jaws, of a power-cylinder, a piston within the cylinder connected with the jaws, a reservoir about one end of the cylinder, a supplemental cylinder at one side of the other cylinder, a pist-on in said supplemental cylinder, a valvecasing on the lower end of said cylinder also within the reservoir and having valves therein and communicating openings or ports leading to the two cylinders, and means for operating IOO IIO

said piston in the supplemental cylinder to force liquid throufrh the valve-casing into the other cylinder.

21. The combination with cutting-jaws, of a cylinder-casting suitably bored for a main power-cylinder `and asnpplementai cylinder, and having a Hnge formed upon it intermediate its ends, a piston in said main cylinder connected with the said jaws, a, cylindrical zo or cup-like reservoir adapted to be secured to said Hnge, and means operative Within the supplemental chamber to force liquid from the reservoir into the main power-cylinder. Y Signed by me at Chicago, Cook county, Illinois, this 22d day of April, 1901.

FRANCIS A. CARTER.

Witnesses:

CRAs. C. BULKLEY, HARRY P. BAUMGARTNER. 

